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Pre-harvest crop desiccation (also siccation〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://feiffer-consult.de/contents/en-uk/d8.html )〕 ) refers to the application of a herbicide to a crop shortly before harvest. Herbicides used include glyphosate, diquat and glufosinate.〔 For potatoes, carfentrazone-ethyl is used.〔 Other desiccants are cyanamide, cinidon-ethyl, and pyraflufen-ethyl.〔http://www.fwi.co.uk/arable/novel-desiccant-targeted-for-stale-seed-bed-clean-up.htm〕 Uneven crop growth is a problem in northern climates during wet summers or when weed control is poor and several of advantages of desiccation have been cited: More even ripening is achieved and harvest can be conducted earlier; weed control is initiated for a future crop; earlier ripening allows for earlier replanting; desiccation reduces green material in the harvest putting less strain on harvesting machinery.〔 Some crop may be mechanically destroyed when crop desiccation machinery moves through the field. The application of glyphosate differs between countries significantly. It is commonly used in the UK where summers are wet and crops may ripen unevenly. Thus in the UK 78 % of oilseed rape is desiccated before harvest, but only 4 % in Germany. ==Use== Pre-harvest desiccation is used in agriculture in crops including: * Maize〔 * Cereals such as barley, wheat, and oats〔Province of Saskatchewan Dept of Agriculture. October 2010 (Herbicide Options to Enhance Harvesting FAQ )〕 * Oilseed rape〔Robert Harris for Farmers Weekly. June 29 2012 (Challenging season for desiccating oilseed rape )〕 * Legumes including lentils, garbanzos, and soybeans〔 * Sunflower〔 * Potatoes〔〔Lulai EC. Skin-set, Wound Healing, and Related Defects. Ch 22 in Potato Biology and Biotechnology: Advances and Perspectives: Advances and Perspectives Eds. Vreugdenhil D et al, Elsevier, 2011 ISBN 9780080525051〕 * Cotton〔Kozlowski TT. Extend and Significance of Shedding Plant Parts. Chapter 1 in Physiological ecology Shedding of Plants Parts, Ed. T.T. Kozlowski. Elsevier, 2012 ISBN 9780323145602〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「crop desiccation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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